Learning Technology Essay

Due to their nature, a lot of possibilities are opened up in virtual worlds that are not present in the real world. These can make it highly conducive to learning new things. For instance, students that are separated by geography can share a class. A virtual environment ensures that procedures or demonstrations normally limited by scope or expense can be repeated, observed and redone as often as necessary. The very idea that is entertainment, and not just another â€Å"day in class† provides a stimulus to education that real schools often lack. The greater opportunity for collaboration, relative safety and convenience provided by online gaming certainly makes it a solid platform capable of delivering the lessons of the future. Cons of Using Second Life as a Learning Technology Some aspects of learning can never be completely replaced however. While Second Life may offer a greatly enhanced experience and rapid transfer of information, it is still nothing like face-to-face interaction. A wholly automated method of teaching is still prone to disruption and malicious griefing, especially in an online game like Second Life. And virtual objects will never be a substitute for tangible things, making it difficult for educational applications that require hands-on training. Overall, the pros outweigh the cons, and many institutes of higher learning are already aware of this fact. Utilizing Second Life as a Educational Tool for the Real World Learning a new language is an effort that can be greatly enhanced by interaction with elements that are connected to the culture in some way. There a quite a few themed regions in Second Life that are almost perfect replicas of their real-world counterparts, complete with native speakers to boot. Virtual tourism is the perfect way to learn and remember commonly-used phrases before the real trip. References Kock, N. , Verville, J. , & Garza, V. (2007). Media naturalness and online learning: Findings supporting both the significant- and nosignificant-difference perspectives. Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education, 5(2), 333-356.

Evolution and revolution as organizations grow

Evolution and revolution as organizations grow Growing organization move through 5 phases of development, each of which contains a relatively calm period of growth that ends with a management crisis. Each developmental phase is strongly influenced by the previous one. Thus by knowing an organization's development history it is possible to be more prepared for the next developmental crisis. These crises can be used in order to achieve future growth.Evolution- long periods of growth with no major organizational problem Revolution- crisis periods, where companies need to find solutions to newly occurred rganizational problems Phasel : Creativity This developmental phase is a period of evolution. At its birth stage an organization focuses on creating a product and a market. So the company's founders are entirely focused on making and selling a new product. They don't focus on management activities. Communication among employees is informal. Long hours of work are rewarded by modest salar ies.The control of activities comes from marketplace feedback. As the company grows the first revolution period occurs: the leadership crisis: Increased number of employees, needs of additional capital and new accounting rocedures demand new management responsibilities. So the first critical development choice is to find and install a strong business manager who is acceptable to the founders and who can pull the organization together. Phase 2: Direction Those companies that survive the first phase by installing a good business manager embark on another evolutionary period.A function organizational structure is introduced. Different business activities occur. Job assignments become more specialized. Accounting systems are introduced. Incentives, budgets and work standards are adopted. Communication becomes more formal. New managers take the managing responsibility while lower level supervisors act as tunctional specialists However these techniques become eventually inappropriate for controlling a larger and more complex organization.This is when the second revolution occurs: the autonomy crisis: Lower-level employees find themselves restricted. They feel being torn between following procedures and taking initiative on their own. So lower level managers demand more autonomy. The solution adopted by many companies is to move toward greater delegation. Yet it is difficult for top managers to give up esponsibility. And lower-level managers are not accustomed for making decisions for themselves.As a result many companies struggle during this revolutionary period, because many lower level employees leave the organization since they stick to centralized methods. Phase 3: Delegation The next evolution period evolves from the successful application of decentralized organization structure. Much greater responsibility is given to lower-level managers. Bonuses are used to stimulate motivation Top executives manage by exception based on periodic reports from the fieldManage ment focuses on new gains, which can be lined up beside other decentralized units However a serious problem eventually occur: the control crisis: when top executives feel that they are loosing control over a highly diversified field operation because of autonomous field managers. In order to move ahead companies need to find a new solution in the use of special coordination techniques. Phase 4: Coordination During this phase the evolutionary period occurs by the use of formal systems for acheveing greater coordination and by top executives taking responsibility for the dministration of these new systems.Decentralized units are turned into product groups Many staff personnel are hired to control and review line managers Capital expenses are carefully weighed and distributed across the organization Each product group is treated as an investment center Certain technical functions are centralized at headquarters, while daily operating decisions remain decentralized. Stock options and co mpanywide profit sharing are used to encourage identity with the firm as a whole. All these new coordination systems prove useful for achieving growth through more fficient allocation of a company's limited resources.But lack of confidence builds between line and staff and between headquarters and the field. This is where red- tape crisis is created. Organizations have become too large and complex to be managed through formal programs and rigid systems. ase 5: Collaboration The last phase gives importance to strong interpersonal collaboration in order to overcome the red-tape crisis. This evolution phase builds around a flexible and behavioral approach to management. The focus is on solving problems through team action.Teams are combined through task group activity Headquarters staff experts are reduced and are combined into teams to consult with team units Previous formal systems are simplified Educational programs for teamwork and behavioral skills are introduced Team performance becomes more important Experiences in new practices are encouraged The revolution after the 5th stage of evolution is still unclear. Predictions have been made that the employees will eventually become exhausted by the intensity of teamwork and the pressure for innovative solutions.

Answer the three questions by writing at least a page stating your Essay

Answer the three questions by writing at least a page stating your opinion on each question - Essay Example I, like majority of Americans support death penalty. I have a number of reasons for supporting death penalty. The first reason for supporting it is informed by the belief that retribution is a crucial remedy for crime committed. In particular, I consider death penalty as a natural human response to heinous crimes such as murder. If the defendant is found guilty of taking away a life of another human being, then the life of that particular defendant should also be taken, as that is the only punishment that measures to the crime. The second reason for supporting death penalty is informed by the belief that it will act as a deterrent for other persons who may be considering or may consider in the future to commit similar crime. The severity of death penalty will make it less likely for a person to commit a crime that calls for such a punishment. The final reason for supporting death penalty is incapacitation; this punishment ensures that a convicted offender will not have a chance of co mmitting the same crime again as society will get rid of him or her completely. #2: Do convicted murderers spend too much time on death row before their sentences are carried out? The duration that convicted murderers spend on death row prior to the carrying out of their sentences has emerged as one of the topic of interest regarding the death penalty, recently. It is disturbing to know from the available data that some death row inmates have spent over 20 years on death row awaiting execution. What is more disturbing about this situation is the fact that during this delayed time, these inmates are generally isolated from other inmates, as well as being excluded from prison employment and educational programs. While there are those who think that convicted murderers do not spend too much time on death row before their sentences are carried out, I believe that they do. I think that murderers do spend too much time on death row, a thinking that is informed by available data and statis tics. According to Death Penalty Information Center, the duration that the murderers in the United States spend on death row has become increasingly longer in recent years. Using data from the Bureau of Justice Statistics, Death Penalty Information Center states that the average time between sentencing and execution of murderers in the United States is 178 months (Death Penalty Information Center para 7). This data confirms that indeed murderers spend too much time on death row before their sentences are carried out. This long duration takes huge toll on the inmates, their families, and on the taxpayers. While death penalty proponents and opponents alike agree that careful review that may require longer time is imperative, they agree that too much time is harmful and justice system should find ways of reducing this unacceptable long duration. #3: Can you be a good American and not vote? Traditionally, voting rights have been considered as central to democratic citizenship. Citizensh ip generally implies a bundle of social, political, and civil rights, all of which can greatly be reflected through voting. Essentially, citizenship is a full membership status in a self-governing polity. This conception involves the electoral rights where citizens participate in collective self-government through voting for representatives or directly. Often, it is through voting fo

Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 3

Law - Essay Example 541). It effectively allows individuals to challenge actions by Member States or the EU institutions through the ECJ but obtain an effective remedy from his national court. Article 234 also provides guidance on what national courts should do in the event that an individual seeks to invoke his/her Community rights in order to challenge national law. This is necessary because In most Member States concepts of sovereignty prohibit challenge to the legality of statute or, a fortiori, constitutional law. Furthermore, in most Member States there are lacunae, gaps in the legal protection of individuals, arising from traditional privileges and immunities. Sometimes these limitations are justified, sometimes they are not. (Steiner & Woods, 2003, p. 130) An EC decision is ‘binding in its entirety upon those to which it is addressed’ (Article 249). Italy therefore must implement the decision. Whilst EC decisions are not described as being ‘directly applicable’ they can be ‘directly effective’ (vis-Ã  -vis the State and the individual) provided the criteria for direct effects are satisfied: Grad v Finanzamt Traustein (case 9/70). Therefore Maria will have a remedy against her employer provided it is an ‘organ of the state’ and she can establish her allegations of unfair treatment. (2) Where such a question is raised before any court or tribunal of a Member State, that court or tribunal may, if it considers that a decision on the question is necessary to enable it to give judgment, request the Court of Justice to give a ruling thereon. (3) Where any such question is raised in a case pending before a court or tribunal of a Member State, against whose decisions there is no judicial remedy under national law, that court or tribunal shall bring the matter before the Court of Justice. There are a number of points to note from the Article. Only a court or a tribunal may

An effective corporate board underpins corporate governance Coursework

An effective corporate board underpins corporate governance. Critically discuss why this is so and what makes a board effectiv - Coursework Example Corporate sectors are therefore required to operate according to the rules and policies of the corporate governance for better growth as well as performance of transparent and responsible business functions. It also facilitates companies to conduct its business operations in accordance with the rules and the regulations prescribed under the companies act. Corporate governance offers specific guidelines on the basis of which policymakers and regulators ascertain that the policies and rules formulated are in compliance with legal provisions. Furthermore, it ensures that companies perform their business operations in an ethical manner (Fernando, 2009). Corporate governance ensures that a company is guiding its business activities in the right direction. In this regard, the BOD of companies are determined to be accountable for formulating appropriate strategies and policies in order to make sure that the company is operating ethically. It also seeks that the structure of the board is app ropriate, executives are properly compensated and shareholders are reported correctly. The principles as well as codes which are undertaken in the policy of corporate governance of companies accumulatively signify that companies are responsible for satisfying the requirements of its shareholders and stakeholders by a large extent (Tricker, 2012). Emphasising on these aspects, the study will intend to critically discuss about the importance of corporate governance in companies. The functions or operations of BOD of companies will also be discussed in order to ascertain that companies are conducting its business operations in an ethical manner. The important policies as well as codes will be further emphasized in this paper, which is the most significant aspect for corporate governance of companies. Due significance will also be rendered towards diversity as a crucial facet in the contemporary corporate governance frameworks. Significance of Corporate Board towards Corporate Governanc e Corporate governance of companies can be identified as largely dependent on the norms and functions of the BOD. The BOD of companies is recognised to be an important element as the participants or rather the board members are responsible for the formulation of policies as well as strategies for improved performance of companies and are also entitled develop or restructure the Articles Of Association (AOA) and Memorandum Of Association (MOA) for the company. These strategies, norms and policies are implemented with the intention of ascertaining that companies perform their business operations in adherence with legal policies, companies act and rules as well as regulations of the government. Business organisations are thus required to conduct its activities in accordance with the policies formulated by the BOD in order to ascertain that the planned business activities are performed ethically (Copnell, 2010; Ayuso & Argandona, 2007). Interest of Shareholders The key role of BOD is to act as a representative of the shareholders.

Individual Rights and the Law - Scots Law Essay

Individual Rights and the Law - Scots Law - Essay Example It has therefore its core topic human rights. It necessitates us therefore to define as well human rights. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy defines human rightsï‚ ¸ as international moral and legal norms that aspire to protect all people everywhere from severe political, legal, and social abuses. They are inherently universal and therefore they transcend citizenships or nationalities. Famous of these rights are the right to life, liberty and happiness and their deprivation could not be permitted without due process of law. Unlike other laws human right focuses on the rights rather than on duties of the individuals. Other laws like criminal statutes or civil law legislations do also enumerate certain rights but the tenor of these obligations normally discusses duties, responsibilities and obligation and the consequences of their violations. Human right laws therefore focuses on the individuals as the subject of major consideration in deciding issues. In terms of criminal prosecution, for example, the law seems to treat more favourably the accused rather than the prosecution because it recognizes the rights of the accused to presumption of innocence while not mentioning more emphatically the right of the state to implement its laws. Politicisation of the judiciary seems to imply a judiciary that does not perform its function according to original design. It would give the connotation that judges will not interpret the law on the basis on what is the law but rather on what is popular or how they want it. It could also mean judges acting not as judges but politicians. It could further mean judges lacking judicial independence and holding some unholy alliance with the other branch of government which could be either the executive or the legislative. We could therefore restate the proposition into some like this: The nature of deliberating cases involving rights of the individuals for purposes of

Jesus as God Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Jesus as God - Essay Example This paper will therefore discuss the critical aspect of whether Jesus is a God or not? Another important question regarding the Jesus is his return and the second coming. Historical records will be presented and discussed to argue that second coming can be expected with certain degree of surety however, there are certain conditions which need to be met before second coming of Jesus can become a reality. This paper will attempt to discuss as to how much sure we can be regarding the return of Jesus besides discussing as to how a Christian should lead a life. Since every religion outlines important and necessary conditions to be followed to live a religious life therefore this paper will also argue as to how much it will matter for a Christian to live a life. Jesus as God One of the key debates in the Christianity is whether the Jesus is a God or claimed to be God. In order to discuss this proposition, it is important to discuss some of the Biblical references to outline the position a s per religious scripture of Christianity. There are also other references in the Bible wherein Jesus even forgave the sins thus giving the impression that he was exercising the powers of God. There are three important incidents or references where Christ has clearly declared himself as the son of God. ... As such Jesus as the son of God therefore impliedly suggests that Jesus is God and also performed acts in his own name which can be attributed to God. For example, he cured sick and raised the dead apart from showing other miracles all of which were done in his own name. Such actions therefore suggest that Jesus and God is same thing. It is however, important to understand that Christianity as a religion started in Jews and remained a Jewish religion for considerable period of time. It is important to understand that it is generally believed that among all religions, Jews were less likely to construct an image of God as represented by Jesus. Judaism was the first monotheist religion and the foundations of the new religion were also based on same principles therefore it was unlikely that Jesus was God himself. (Ball and Johnsson). The cruxification of Jesus was also mainly due to the fact that he declared himself as God which typically was in conflict with the Judiaism therefore Jews tried him for blasphemy. How can we be confident that Jesus is returning? There are clear Biblical references regarding the return of the Jesus as Bible, at various places, has mentioned Jesus as confirming his return. Gospel of Mathew provides references to different instances or the conditions which will happen when Jesus will actually return and make his second coming. Revelation 17 actually predicts the return of the Jesus and refers to the second coming of the Jesus therefore not only the Christian beliefs suggest that Jesus will return. (Gonzalez) There are however, references to the two different and distinct concepts about Jesus i.e. the one Jesus is the physical entity whereas the second Jesus

'Teams are seen as a necessary condition in contemporary Essay

'Teams are seen as a necessary condition in contemporary organisations, but are they effective' - Essay Example A team behaves in a peculiar manner which moves toward a specific goal. The performance output given by a team is always ahead of that given by an individual. Generally a team comprises of many people focusing on a specified target. The individuals in a team will be having individual skills. Thus a team is a collection of strengths and good range of abilities. Because of this reason, in a team, for every situation there will be at least a person who can deal with it. Also in a team flaws or pitfalls can easily be spotted and corrected. As there are many persons focusing on a same target they will be very cautious about every move and hence the mistake done by an individual will be easily found by another one. (Scholtes et al. 2003). So, this paper will discuss how teams are seen as a necessary condition in contemporary organizations and how they are effective for organizational process, and how effectiveness can be further optimized. In an efficient team, the ultimate responsibility is rested on everyone’s shoulder. And the team is structured in such a way that whoever having strength in a specified area takes more responsibility in that area. One more interesting fact about a team is â€Å"Motivation†. A powerful motivating force is created amidst a good team. It never let its team mates to go down. Also it makes the team members feel proud to be a part of such a team. (West 2002, 9). Teams, also have another face for it. That is â€Å"Team conflict†. Conflicts are often mistaken within a team which is a bitter fact to be accepted. But conflicts too could turn desirable, provided the team members look into a conflict as an outcome of indifference in their thoughts or views. And after that they have to take relevant actions on how to overcome that indifference. When such kind of attitude started developing amidst the team members, conflicts even turn to be a positive factor in a team work. ( West 2002, 9) Self directed work teams are empowered

Prima facie Essay Example for Free

Prima facie Essay Introduction According to the article, Rhino poaching is in no way shown as moral. The ethical issues I see are that people are ignoring the fact that this horrible act is occurring and many people who do know about it won’t do anything about it, but are able to waste time watching pointless videos. The You Tube interventions took a moral approach to help with the petition. Although some were offended, the majority signed the petition and became more aware of the world around them. Utilitarianism When studying the supreme principle of morality as utility, we must first examine the definition of utilitarianism. Utilitarianism the effort to answer the question of man ought to do. For a utilitarian, the answer is simple: Act to produce the best consequences possible for the greatest number of people possible. In this, liberty and harm are treated as an equal. The end goal is to produce a general welfare or Arthur’s collective well- being. Jeremy Bentham, one philosophical view we examined defined utilitarianism as the ethical system that judges actions to be moral to the extent they maximize happiness, producing pleasures, and preventing pains. According to Bentham, there is a possibility of good and bad consequences however; preventing suffering is what matters through pleasure and the avoidance of pain. John Stuart Mill was a follower of Benthams, and he came up with the principle of utility. He stated that â€Å"Nature has places mankind under the governance of two sovereign masters† these masters are pain and pleasure. This is an experience based principle. We learn through experience that we are governed through pleasure and pain. According to Brandt’s view on utilitarianism, if all you do is add up numbers, there still a possibility of producing an immoral outcome. Singer’s principles also exemplified this. In the article â€Å"YouTube Interventions to Save the Rhino†, Utilitarianism is exemplified in that there was a greater outcome for a greater number of people. Sure, some were offended, however in the cases that the petition was signed, the rhinos and animal activists were impacted positively. Also, the new act allowing this method of communication will help when it come t other disastrous situations. Also, the whole world was able to be impacted. This effort had a mass effect on the petition. In the end, rhinos could be saved and a great idea was introduced, even the offended learned that their time was not being used effectively and therefore had somewhat of a positive outcome. Deontology In the study of deontology, we use Kant and Foot’s philosophical views. Deontology can be considered duty-based ethics, and reason alone should be used when finding the moral duty this concerns and reason in turn will cause a respect for rationality. Kant believed that morally you should act so that the maxim of your actions can and should be considered a universal law; morally you should have respect for human dignity. In this principle one should never for any reason intentionally harm someone who is believed to be innocent. Philippa Foot expands of Kant’s principle of hypothetical imperatives in an argument. She argues the Kant contrasts acting out of respect for moral law with acting from an alterior motive. Taking this into consideration she believes is crucial to shape Kant’s moral Philosophy. All in all, morality can only involve rational beings because only rationa l beings have the capacity to reason the way things are and should be and the ability to exercise freedom. Perfect categorical duties allow for no if’s and’s or but’s. Others are not, under any circumstances, to be used just as a means to acquire morality. In summary of this moral standing and the three forms of hypothetical morality according to Foot and Kant, â€Å"If you want x, you should do y, Because you want x you should do y, and because x is in your best interest, you should do y†. For Kant the second and third principles are one in the same. The article answers the supreme moral question â€Å"Did anyone use anyone merely as a means? † The answer is simply yes. The multiple videos that were altered were used as a means to get the communication across about animal poaching. The You Tube interventions had a positive outcome however in that a mass majority was made aware of what was going on in the world and how much time the viewers were actually wasting watching the highly viewed frivolous viral videos. Deontologists would agree with the interventions campaign. They wanted people to be aware of the issue of rhino poaching and wanted a petition signed so they included a link to the petition and urged people to sign it by noting that it wouldn’t take much time. They also wanted people to be aware that the silly videos were simply a waste of time and that was noted. Deontologists would have resolved these issues in a very similar manner because no one was hurt, they were just helped. Prima Facie Duties The prima facie duties introduced by W. D. Ross, a professor from Oxford University, argued that the right and the good are properties known intuitively and these duties may conflict holding only prima facie. There are no supreme principles involved. All focal points in the argument of what makes right acts right and wrong acts wrong are taken into account when looking into prima facie duty. Prima facie is judgment based on considered opinion. The article doesn’t really exemplify prima facie duties in that the article agrees completely with the study of deontology, and Ross argues with deontology. The duty to sign the petition however did arise from the obligation to save the rhino’s from poaching. This exemplifies the opinion Ross had on duty in itself. Conclusion I thought that the approach this article took was completely effective and I agree that the awareness of rhino poaching was done morally. When others want to make you aware of things like the animal fur industry, they walk down runways with imitation blood dripping from a fur coat. This was done in a way where most were not offended, a majority of people were impacted and action was taken. The petition was signed and an increase of 400% of the signatures was reached. I think that deontology supports the article the most. The x and y principles were exemplified as Foot and Kant had demonstrated. I think that all of the principles we studied in this section can be applied to the article. The article least agrees with prima facie ideas however. There are ways to apply it which I stated earlier in this essay. So what makes right acts right and wrong acts wrong? How many are influenced, how they are influenced, and act to include intent of agent and consent of person affected by act.

Sweden and Canada Immigration Comparison Essay Example for Free

Sweden and Canada Immigration Comparison Essay This paper describes the context of Canadian immigration and immigrants` labour market outcomes, and explores trends in both over time. Fortunately, there is a wealth of research regarding the question of why earnings have declined among immigrants to Canada. Employment outcomes of immigrants to Canada have been much less studied. In this latter case we are restricted to providing basic facts, and hypotheses regarding the causes of the SwedishCanadian differences mentioned above. This paper outlines potential causes of the observed gap in outcomes, to the extent that they are known, and asks what the implications might be for the Swedish experience. Of course, Canadian outcomes are in part a function of the institutional setting. As will be seen, it is likely that much of the difference in economic outcomes between the two countries is related to differences in immigration programs and policies. The paper ends with a discussion and summary of the range of possible drivers of Sweden`s current immigration outcomes. Institutional Background Canada’s immigration system is quite complex, and is becoming increasingly so. With a federal governance structure – a federal government and provinces there is substantial heterogeneity in the opinions and goals of the various actors involved in national discussions. This implies that the nation’s aggregate set of policies and programs are not always internally consistent. Indeed, there are many stresses between the sometimes complementary, but frequently competing, humanitarian, social, cultural, and economic goals of immigration policy. And there is frequently a lack of coordination, and sometimes disagreement, across levels of government and various actors within civil society regarding such issues as settlement services. With respect to highly skilled immigrants, for example, the federal government is responsible for the admission of health professionals, but provincial governments operate the healthcare systems and are responsible for the certification of those same professionals. Potentially useful for Sweden is a comparison of the alternative routes taken by Canada and the United States. Of particular interest are the differences in immigration levels, and the associated need to manage the immigration system, along with the active measures that may be beneficial for a smaller nation seeking economic benefit from immigration. Modern immigration policies 1 and practices in North America date from the 1960s. Both Canada and the U. S. moved away from selection based mainly on source region, with most immigrants coming from Europe, to a more modern approach that resulted in large scale immigration from the developing world. But Canada took a very different path than the United States. As seen in figure 1, it consciously chose a significantly higher immigration rate, and it also developed a much more highly managed system. The U. S. receives a greater number of immigrants because it is a much larger nation, but on a per-capita basis, immigration is much higher in Canada. We believe these two features almost always go together in developed economies: the higher the rate of immigration, the greater is the need for structured government management.

A Study On Common Social Classes Sociology Essay

A Study On Common Social Classes Sociology Essay Karl Marx and Max Weber are without question the two most influential sociologists to have emerged in the 19th century. Marxs theories are seen as the foundation of modern communism, and he himself is seen as a revolutionist. Marxs work has been very influential and has stood as an inspiration for social change. Max Weber, writing a generation later, emerged as a giant in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century German sociology and social theory. Whereas Marx anticipated the inevitability of revolutionary change, Weber offered a more staid and pessimistic vision. Society is seen as divided into four groups, the upper class, middle class, working class and lower class. This is known as the class system (http://www.gpwu.ac.jp/~biddle/the_class_sysytem.htm). The upper class tend to consist of people with inherited wealth and includes some of the oldest families, with many of them being titled aristocrats. The upper classes are defined by their title, but also by their education and by their pastimes (http://www.en.articlesgratuits.com/social-stratification-in-great-britain-id3024.php). The middle class are the majority of society today. They include high skilled craftsmen, lower and middle management and business people. The working class consists of farmers and factory workers. The lower class consists of people with a low income, low level of education and high unemployment rates. There are two significant sociologists in the discussion about social class, Karl Marx and Max Weber. Karl Marx was one of the first writers to analyse class differences. His understanding of class was someones relationship to the means of production. He saw class as being a phenomenon of any society, where ownership of wealth and the means of production (M.O.P) in the capitalist system, dominated the wage earners or proletariat. Marx considered that there were two prominent classes- the owners of the means of production and the workers. Marx talked mainly about the two great classes- owners and workers, but he was aware of a third class, which he called petit bourgeoisie (http://copland.udel.edu/~cmarks/What%20is%20social%20class.htm). This was the middle class which were owners of small businesses. Marx argued that the only thing that the workers owned was their ability to work (http://copland.udel.edu/~cmarks/What%20is%20social%20class.htm), what he called ‘labour power. The owners had power over workers as they paid the workers wages and could determine what wage they rece ived, and exploited them. As a result, there is a basic conflict of interest between the two classes. The worker becomes all the poorer the more wealth he produces, the more his production increases in power and range. The worker becomes an ever cheaper commodity the more commodities he creates. With the increasing value of the world of things proceeds in direct proportion to the devaluation of the world of men. Labour produces not only commodities; it produces itself and the and the worker as a commodity- and does so in the proportion in which it produces commodities generally. (Marx, Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts (1844) cited in http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/marx.html). Marx believed all societies are class societies with people set against each other by their differing relationship to the means of production. He felt that the lack of powers of workers was the source of exploitation and the basis of class conflict (http://copland.udel.edu/~cmarks/What%20is%20social%20class.htm). Marx argued that the basic contradictions contained in a capitalist economic system would lead to its eventual destruction. The proletariat would overthrow the bourgeoisie and seize the means of production, the source of power. Property would be communally owned and, all members of society would now share the same relationship to the means of production, bringing an end to the exploitation and as a result a classless society would emerge. In Capital (1867/1967), for example, Marx talked about the capitalists as werewolves and vampires who suck the blood out of the workers, and he was very sympathetic to the plight of the prolectariat. (Ritzer, Sociological Theory, 4th edition, Singapore, 1996, p 29). Marx argued that the class struggle was the driving force of social change. Marx also talked about class consciousness. Class consciousness as occurs when false consciousness has been replaced by a full awareness of the true situation, by a realization of the nature of exploitation, like the workers realising they are being used. When owners convinced workers that their situations were compatible, this Marx called false consciousness. Marx noted a difference between a ‘class in itself and a ‘class for itself. He believed a class in itself is a social group whose members share the same relationship to the means of production. A class for itself is a social group where its members have class consciousness and class solidarity. Class solidarity, which he believed was when members of a class develop a common identity and recognise their shared interests and unite. Marx believed that certain factors in the development of a capitalist economy would accelerate its loss of positi on (Macionis, Plummer, Sociology: A Global Introduction, 2005, 3rd edition, p. 202-206). These factors would end in the polarization of the two main classes. The gap between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie will become greater and the difference between these two groups will become even more extreme. Marx argued in the course of a working day, workers produce more than is actually needed by employers to repay the cost of hiring them. This surplus value is the source of profit, which capitalists are able to put to their own use (Giddens and Griffiths, Sociology, 5th Edition, p.301). Marx made the essential point that class was primarily based upon economic circumstances. Max Weber didnt agree with Marxs view that power derived only from economic relations and the relationship to private property of the MOP. The scope of Webers analysis ranges more widely than that of Marx; the origins of capitalism, the development of capitalism, the nature of a future society, and concepts and approaches that Marx downplayed- religion, ideas, values, meaning, and social action (http://uregina.ca/~gingrich/o902.htm). Weber also talked about power, class, status and party, as he was aware of its value. By class Weber is referring to ones participation in the market either by capital, skill or education. It refers to the unequal distribution of economic rewards. By status, Weber argues that groups form because their members share a similar status situation, like priests and monarchy. Unlike classes, members of status groups are aware of their common status situation. By party Weber means a group of people who commit to some practical goal or activity. He believed part ies were groups which are specifically concerned with influencing policies and making decisions in the interests of their members. These groups include trade unions and professional associations (Macionis, Plummer, Sociology: A Global Introduction, 2005, third Edition, p 206). Weber disagreed with Marx on a number of his theories. Weber saw no evidence to support the theory of the polarization of classes. Although he did see some decline in the numbers of the petty bourgeoisie due to competition from large companies, he argued that they enter white-collar or skilled manual trades rather than being depressed into the ranks of unskilled manual workers. Weber argued that the middle class increases rather than declines as capitalism develops. Therefore Weber saw a diversification of classes and an expansion of the white-collar middle class, rather than polarization as Marx did. Weber also disagreed with Marx on the idea of the proletarian revolution. Weber argued that people with similar class situations would not just develop a common identity and try to overthrow the bourgeoisie and seize the means of production. He believed that workers who were dissatisfied with their class situation would respond in different ways. Webers theories on social stratification are significant, because they show that other factors of social stratification and not just class, affect peoples lives (Giddens and Griffiths, Sociology, 5th Edition, p.302-303). Max Weber and Karl Marx had a difference of opinion over what was the driving force behind changes in society. But they both agreed that class is a function of economic participation and does not see capitalism as an idealistic form of society. Like Marx, Weber saw class in economic terms, arguing that classes develop in market economies in which individuals compete for economic gain. He defined a class as a group of individuals who share a similar position in a market economy and receive similar economic rewards. This Weber called is market situation. Marx and Weber argued these theories during the 19th century. Much of Marxs predictions have been wrong. Capitalist societies did not become increasingly polarised between labour and capital, instead the middle class grew larger and larger and the importance of manual labour steadily declined. Only a quarter of a century ago, some 40 per cent of the working population was in blue-collar work. Now, in the UK, only about 18 per cent is, and this proportion is still dropping. Moreover, the conditions under which working-class people are living, and the styles of live they are following, are altering. Giddens and Griffiths, Sociology, 5th Edition, p.315. Some critics today question the theoretical and historical validity of ‘class as an analytic construct or as a political actor. In this line, some question Marxs reliance on 19th century notions that linked science with the idea of ‘progress. Many observe that capitalism has changed much since Marxs time and that class differences and relationships are much more complex. Although Marxs prediction of an imminent collapse of the capitalist system and the proletarian revolution has not materialised, some of the most forceful passages in Marx book the Communist Manifesto actually refer to the greatest achievements of the bourgeoisie class and to complete changes in the ways human history has been made after its ascendance to power. Marx can then be credited to be one of the first thinkers to recognise the fact that the capitalist system represented the biggest breakthrough in human history. Marx predicted that as capitalism developed, a polarization of classes would take place between the oppressed and exploited proletariat on the one hand, and the exploiters on the other. Such class polarization has not occurred (Carter and Stokes, Democratic Theory Today: Challenges for the 21st Century, 1st Edition, 2002, p.254). In the last half of the 20th century, almost half of the people in the world lived in countries governed by principles based on Marxs work such as the Soviet Union and the countries of Eastern Europe. Although it is true that many of Marxs predictions about the course of the revolutionary movement were wrong, there is no doubt that he was a true genius. Nowadays, in the 21st century, there is more focus on inequality and not so much class. Equality is the state of being equal or the same. People are living in poverty if their income and resources (material, cultural and social) are so inadequate as to preclude them from having a standard of living which is regarded as acceptable by Irish society generally. As a result of inadequate income and resources people may be excluded and marginalised from participating in activities which are considered the norm for other people in society National Anti-Poverty Strategy, http://www.socialinclusion.ie/poverty.html Modern society believes everyone should be given an equal chance to succeed in life, and stresses equal opportunities. But we all know not everybody is treated equally in reality. Marxs view of class was about someones relationship to the means of production, that isnt the case anymore. There is cultural, material as well as social inequality in Ireland today. A report published in 2002, revealed Ireland to be one of the richest countries but also one of the most unequal. Social researcher Brian Harvey found that the treatment of asylum seekers and refugees was inadequate and that there were difficulties for poor people getting fast access to justice (http://www.rte.ie/news/2002/0404/report.html). In another report released in 2008, there was a study on the health, health behaviour and well being among children from the travelling community, immigrant children, children with disabilities and children from disadvantaged schools in comparison to other children. The findings showed tha t there were inequalities in health among children from these groupings and the other children, so it proves that children just arent being treated the same (http://www.nuigalway.ie/hbsc/documents/press_release__7th_oct.pdf). People look down their noses at the travelling community, most pubs and shops dont even let them onto their premises. People look down at the travelling community as they see them as having no house, no job and see them as being lower class. We can see the difference in class when this happens. Ireland went from being one of the poorest countries to being one of the richest and the majority of Irish society is now working class. It seems gender, disability, ethnicity, age, sexuality and religion are just some of the groups that are more likely to experience inequality in Ireland. Conclusion While both Marx and Weber were interested by the changes happening in society in the industrialization, Marx was looking for a revolution while Weber was exploring the factors as to why capitalism had come to pass. Though many of Marxs predictions are yet to materialize, there is no doubt that he was one of the most influential thinkers of the 19th century. Exploring how the capitalist economic system generates conflict between classes, Marxs analysis of social stratification has had enormous influence on sociological thinking in recent decades. Webers writing on stratification is significant because it shows other factors of stratification other than class that strongly influences peoples lives. Weber discussed class, status and party as important separate aspects of social stratification thus providing a more comprehensive analysis than that of Marx. Thanks to Marx and Weber we have a better understanding of social class. Bibliography †¢ www.businessdictionary.com/definition/social-class.html †¢ http://www.gpwu.ac.jp/~biddle/the_class_sysytem.htm †¢ http://www.en.articlesgratuits.com/social-stratification-in-great-britain-id3024.php †¢ http://copland.udel.edu/~cmarks/What%20is%20social%20class.htm †¢ Marx, Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts (1844) cited in http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/marx.html †¢ Ritzer, Sociological Theory, 4th edition, Singapore, 1996 †¢ Macionis, Plummer, Sociology: A Global Introduction, 2005, 3rd edition †¢ Giddens and Griffiths, Sociology, 5th Edition †¢ http://uregina.ca/~gingrich/o902.htm †¢ Carter and Stokes, Democratic Theory Today: Challenges for the 21st Century, 1st Edition, 2002 †¢ http://www.socialinclusion.ie/poverty.html †¢ http://www.rte.ie/news/2002/0404/report.html †¢ http://www.nuigalway.ie/hbsc/documents/press_release__7th_oct.pdf †¢ Albrow, Sociology; The Basics, 1999, London †¢ Gerth and Mills, From Max Weber Essays in Sociology, 2009, Oxon †¢ Ballantine, The Sociology of Education â€Å"A Systematic Analysis†, Fifth Edition, New Jersey, 2001 †¢ Bellamy and Ross, A Textual Introduction to Social and Political Theory, Manchester, 1996

Good Ol’ Southern Food: The Ins and Outs of Preparing a Southern Feast

Good Ol’ Southern Food: The Ins and Outs of Preparing a Southern Feast There is just something about Southern Cooking, something about the women who’ve mastered it, and something about what it represents. A Southern Feast represents time spent in careful preparation and an almost entire region of people that didn’t get the memo about cholesterol. Southern cooking brilliantly displays a community that still remains untouched by at least some of the craziness in the world around us. Things move a little slower in the South, and one of those things is the cooking. Preparing a Southern feast is a job. It is hard work, and it takes some time, but that is part of the charm. This cooking is the kind that allows for sitting around canning beans and fussing over biscuits. In the way that baking Christmas cookies brings families together, Southern cooking does as much. It can be done, with ease and grace, not to mention great fellowship when a meal is prepared with the ones you love. I believe the basis of any southern meal is a good amount of lard. We are not really talking olive oil here, but actual lard from a pig. If done correctly lard should be found in at least three of the main dishes. Equally important are the homegrown veggies. No meal, southern or any other, for that matter would be complete without some good homegrown food. Now, a true genius can use the lard and veggies, but we will get to that later. Once you have your veggies and main dish, complementary side items like biscuits and gravy, and sweet tea make the meal complete. The Main Element: In most circles, you will find the main element to be a meat. In most southern circles, you will find that meat to be fried, be it southe... ...nd nutmeg v Stack 2 piecrusts; gently roll or press together. Fit pastry into a 9-inch deep-dish pie plate. v Toss together apple and lemon juice in a large bowl. Combine brown sugar and next 4 ingredients; sprinkle over apple mixture, and toss to coat. Spoon into prepared piecrust. v Roll remaining piecrust to press out fold lines; place over filling. Fold edges under, and crimp; cut slits in top for steam to escape. v Bake at 450 ° for 15 minutes. Reduce oven temperature to 350 °, and bake 35 minutes. Fried Apples 12-15 Golden Delicious Apples  ½ -3/4 Cups Sugar 1tsp Cinnamon  ½ stick of butter v Wash and Cut apples into bite size pieces v Combine Sugar, Cinnamon, and Butter in skillet v Add apples v Stir occasionally until apples are tender v Serve hot or later chilled

Basic Discription Of Microbiology :: essays research papers

BASIC DISCRIPTION OF MICROBIOLOGY They’re out there! You can’t see them but they can see you. Right at this very moment they are living on and in your body, and there is nothing you can do about it! This may sound like the beginning of a horror movie, but it isn’t. It is actually a very basic description of a very broad subject: microbiology. Microbiology is a complex subject that spans out into a variety of areas. I am a person who is entering the health care field, and it is inparitive that I know the subject of microbiology and how if effects the world in which we live. Part one of this essay will deal with defining bacteria, viruses, fungi, microbes, and pirons. Part two of the essay will focus on indigenous micro flora that is on and in the body, and part three will describe the structure and replication procedure of viruses. Part one As stated by Prescott, Harley and Klein (1990) microbiology is the study of organisms that are usually too small to be seen with the naked eye. According to Jenson and Wright (1989) a pathogen is a disease-producing organism. They also describe microbes as organisms that are often too small to be seen without the aid of a microscope. Microbes, also known as microorganisms, can be broken down into four classifications that are bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. Prescott, Harley & Klein (1990) describe bacteria as prokaryotic cells (cells that lack a true membrane enclosed nucleus). Bacteria are both small and simple in structure; they usually are between o.5 and 5cmm yet they have many characteristic shapes and sizes. Some bacteria are circular or oval shaped, they are known as cocci bacteria. Other bacteria are rod-shaped, they are known as bacilli bacteria, and some bacteria are spiral and coil-shaped and it is know as spirilla bacteria. Engelkirk & Burton (1979) state that bacteria can reproduce asexually by simple division of cells and some bacteria reproduce sexually by conjunction. A bacterium is a waste producer of products and secretions. This allows pathogens to invade their hosts to cause disease some of these harmful diseases are Scarlet fever, an acute illness, characterized by a reddish skin rash, which is caused by systematic infection with the bacterium streptococcus. St. Anthony’s Fire is another bacterial disease. â€Å"St. Anthony’s Fire which is an acute superficial form of celluitus involving the dermal lymphatic, usually caused by infection with streptococci and chiefly characterized by a peripherally spreading hot, bright red, oedematous.

VDB Brief

Introduction Recent studies show that the use of technology in almost every activity we daily make has become more important day by day. This also can be applied in business aspects, Like hospitality, where the customer attention Is the priority, so managers need to find the way to automation the service the best as possible. 2. 0 Analysis of Issue 2. Summary of the Issue In the article â€Å"Warning, warnings Entering bots mania†, the author Is trying to let us now the negative part of robot evolution, saying, â€Å"artificial intelligence is going to cause huge disruption, as a host of everyday functions† (Collie, 2014). The issue here is that there's the possibility that robots can become ‘our social as well as economic superiors', so In every business that requires technology for working, there's the need to be sure if is necessary to keep automating the product or service, or it just can still be a real people's job.Despite this, technological advances go fas ter than we think, for example we can appreciate the evolution of the embodied systems that Interact with humans, where â€Å"the ability to interact with people in the human environment has been a recent motivator of the humanoid robotics community and the service robotics community. For systems such as these, safety and minimizing Impact on human living spaces are Important Issues, as well as the Issues of performance and ease of use† (Beebread, 2003, p. 121).This means that automated machines are starting to be created very similar as humans, which support the theory that some day they will become in otter humans than us. 2. 2 Implications for management of virtual business Talking about our specific business, hospitality, to increase service productivity, â€Å"many companies utilize automation extensively to reduce the use of labor. However, greater use of automation does not always result In higher service quality, and the effectiveness of automation in providing servi ce hinges on how advanced the technology level is† (Rust & Hang, 2012, p. 7). On the other hand, some people affirm that there are many others topics to take into account about the advantages ND disadvantages of human robots, like Issues of trust In automation, which â€Å"challenge macro-cognitive work at numerous levels, ranging from decision making at the policy level, to capability at the mission and organizational levels, to confidence at 1 OFF operators† (Hoffman, Johnson & Bradshaw, 2013, p. 84). 3. Conclusion Thanks to the preview information, it's correct to affirm that the use of advanced technology in our hotels to improve the service and to reduce the costs could be a ere good solution, but it has to be correctly controlled to avoid that robots can steal human Jobs; in other words, it's important to use the technology in a way that it doesn't affect humans quality of life in any way, such as economical and emotional aspects, so the business can get more bene fits and advantages over competitors. Reference List Collie, R. (2014, February 27). Warning, warning! Entering bots mania. The Sydney Morning Herald.

The Crisis Of Underperformance Education Essay

Education is considered as the most valuable tool for human edifice † ( Barineka Nbina, 2010 ) . Education nationally is recognized as the greatest investing in the state that can convey civilisation, development and socio-economic advancement. The twenty-first century is characterized by promotion in scientific discipline and engineering ( Okebukola, 1996 ) . â€Å" In his survey Barineka Nbina ( 2010 ) point out that every state is endeavoring to accomplish scientific and technological discovery with their environment. Therefore, the instruction of scientific discipline and engineering is going more demand and activity oriented than earlier † . Existing research suggest that Information and Communication Technology ICT has been integrated into capable instruction ( Hennessy et al, Granger et Al, Jamieson-Proctor et Al ) . The hapless criterion of scientific discipline in secondary schools nationally remains as a major issue. Badr ( 2010 ) reference that 70 per cent of 10,000 secondary school pupils that were surveyed in Egypt said that uninspiring learning discourage so to prosecute farther instruction in scientific discipline watercourse. â€Å" Teachers need to comprehend ICT as chiefly a tool for learning and larning across the course of study although there are foundations accomplishments in ICT that pupils need to larn before they can take part to the full in an ICT-rich schoolroom. † ( Tin, 2002 ) . ICT is an indispensable facet of everyone ‘s day-to-day life with about every sector recommending for the usage of ICT to carry through its undertakings. The bing research survey shows that the usage of ICT as a back uping tool in instruction is a precedence for about all states but advancement has been uneven. There is significant difference adulthood within and between schools within the state in footings of ICT. A really low per centum of schools have embedded ICT into the course of study, and show high degrees of successful and appropriate ICT usage to back up learning across the state. Reynolds e.tel ( 2003 ) in his findings revealed that several instructors reveal that ICT has surely raised criterio n and presentation of work, while many of the instructors from most schools still see ICT as uneffective and clip cachexia. Reynolds e.tal ( 2003 ) further reveals that these findings reveal that the attack of learning differs from school to school.3. Research Problem and Aims ( Required words 150 and Actual words 209 )Problem statementThe crisis of underperformance of our instruction and preparation system remains a major issue. The criterions of public presentation in our instruction system are really low. Although in 2010 the base on balls rate increased by 6.8 % to 67.5 % . , but there is still a concern with hapless public presentation in Science. Science larning requires skilled and specialist instructors who provide quality inputs in the schoolroom. Barineka Nbina ( 2010 ) found that every state is endeavoring to accomplish scientific and technological discovery with their environment. Therefore, the instruction of scientific discipline and engineering is going more demand an d activity oriented than earlier. Badr ( 2010 ) reference that 70 per cent of 10,000 secondary school pupils that were surveyed in Egypt said that uninspiring learning deter them to prosecute farther instruction in the scientific discipline. Possibly the hapless public presentation in Science is due to miss of instructor ‘s resources.PurposeThe purpose of this research is to look into the current resources used by instructors to learn, the effects that affects those resources and to better the academic competences and ICT acceptance in instruction of scientific discipline in secondary schools by planing an e-teaching intercession tool. This will give the consequences to enable those who would make good in the programme to be eligible for entry into a sheepskin programme in third instruction.4. Literature Review ( Required words 1000 and Actual words 1195 )Theoretical modelThis research will be grounded on Technological credence theoretical account ( TAM ) model and Task-techno logy tantrum ( TTF ) theoretical account. TAM construct specifies that â€Å" the causal relationships between system design characteristics, perceived usefulness the grade to which a individual believes that utilizing a peculiar system would heighten his or her occupation public presentation † ( Davis, 1989 ) , perceived easiness of usage â€Å" the grade to which a individual believes that utilizing a peculiar system would be free from attempt † ( Davis, 1989 ) , attitude toward utilizing, and existent use behavior ( Davis, 1989 ) . â€Å" TAM provides the overall enlightening representation of the mechanisms by which design picks influence user credence, and should hence be helpful in applied contexts for prediction and measuring user credence of information engineering † . TTF theory holds the theory that engineering will merely be used if its capablenesss are fiting to the demands of the undertaking to be performed and it ‘s more likely to hold a posi tive impact ( Goodhue and Thompson, 1995 ) . Technology that does non offer sufficient advantage it will non be used. The ground of uniting these two theoretical accounts is because it captures two different facets of user ‘s picks to use information and communicating engineering. Dishaw et Al ( 2002 ) indicate that â€Å" Both facets, attitude toward the IT ( TAM ) and rationally determined expected effects from utilizing the IT ( TTF ) , are likely to impact user ‘s picks to utilize IT. TAM will be used to look into on the factors that affect ICT tools acceptance by instructors for learning scientific discipline. TTF will be used to analyze the impact of ICT tools that are presently available to help instructors.Use of ICT in ClassroomsAl-Zaidiyeen et Al ( 2010 ) conducted a research in â€Å" Teachers ‘ Attitudes and Levels of Technology Use in Classrooms: † their findings revealed that the degree of ICT usage by rural secondary schools instructors is low, this implies that ICT are barely of all time used for educational intents by instructors in rural secondary schools. â€Å" Teachers are more likely to integrate ICT usage in their schoolroom if they see its relevancy to their direction and are convinced that the design of instruction package is compatible with educational ends and the single acquisition demands of pupils. † ( Al-Zaidiyeen et Al, 2010 )Use of ICT as medium for learning scientific disciplineYucel et Al ( 2010 ) in a survey of â€Å" Models to research Turkish instructors ICT integrating phases and the factors that affect ICT integrating † indicate that a batch of ICT integrating to instruction has failed because instructors were unsure about how ICT could be integrated into the course of study. Yucel ( 2010 ) indicate that in order for instructors to be able to utilize ICT they should be equipped with the necessary accomplishments and cognition. Flick and bell argues that although ICT is a buzzing word in this century but still â€Å" few instructors really do non understand how engineering is used in scientific dis cipline, nor can they adequately describe the relationship between scientific discipline and engineering. † Flick and Bell ( 2000 ) indicate that â€Å" If the intent of engineering in scientific discipline instruction is to heighten scientific discipline instruction and larning instead ( than for the engineering ‘s sake entirely ) , a different attack is necessary † . Flick and Bell ( 2000 ) further provinces that instructors should look at engineering as a manner of assisting pupils explore subjects in more deepness and in more synergistic ways. Bell and Flick reached these consequences by garnering thoughts from cognition of research, K-12 learning experience, and learning experience in scientific discipline instructor instruction with engineering.Teachers ‘ Knowledge and Attitudes towards ICT usageYucel et Al ( 2010 ) consequences revealed that there is no relationship between instructor ‘s negative attitude and instructors ‘ cognition on ICT . Yecul et Al ( 2010 ) reached these consequences by transporting out correlativity analysis between dependant and independent variables. Yucel et Al ( 2010 ) further indicate that â€Å" attempt seeking to better instructors ‘ attitudes is non likely to hold a direct impact unless their feeling of ego adequateness is improved † . Yecul et Al ( 2010 ) consequences contradict with Al-Zaidiyeen et Al ( 2010 ) consequences. Researchers globally believe that the usage of ICT tools for educational intents depends upon the attitudes of instructors toward the engineering ( Summers, 1990 ; Al-Zaidiyeen et Al, 2010 ) . Al-Zaidiyeen et Al ( 2010 ) reached the consequences by appraising indiscriminately selected 650 instructors in Jordan, in the usage of ICT, and the degree of attitude of instructors towards the usage of ICT.ICT Adoption betterment intercessionsTrainingAdeyinka et Al ( 2007 ) in the survey of an appraisal of secondary school instructor ‘s utilizations of ICT : deduction for farther development of ICT ‘s usage in Nigerian secondary schools suggests that in order for instructors to be technological progress, they need to go to ICT workshops.5. Research Methodology ( Required words 200 and Actual words 612 )This research will consist of 3 stage ‘s, each stage will lend in better shaping this survey. This survey will use instance survey and a descriptive study method to let the research worker a graphic description of how secondary school instructors are doing usage of ICTs.Phase 1: To analyze the current instruction intercession tools that are utilized in secondary schools for instructors to better Teach scientific disciplineA instance survey will be used in which an interview with KwaZulu natal secondary schools scientific discipline instructors will be conducted to analyze current methods of ICT ‘s that are utilized as support tool for them to learn scientific discipline better. Lone instructors from class 10,11and 12 w ill be interviewed. The interview inquiries will consist of both open-ended inquiries and close-ended inquiries. Examples of inquiries to be asked such as: 1. Which ICTs tool do instructors hold entree on? 2. What is the adequacy degree of the assorted facets of ICT availability/ entree in your school? Datas collected from these interviews will be used to better derive insight on the current ICT tools of learning scientific discipline that are used in secondary schools. This information will assist for theoretical coverage on current toolsPhase 2: To look into the factors that are impacting the use of those toolsA descriptive study method will be used, whereby class 10, 11 and 12 scientific discipline instructors will be handed a questionnaire in KwaZulu natal secondary schools to analyze the factors that are impacting the use of instructors back uping tool to learn scientific discipline better. The research variables for this stage are: instructors demographics, instructors ‘ perceptual experience about the sensed easiness of utilizing ICT, Teachers perceived utility of ICT, instructor ‘s old ages of experience, teacher ‘s cognition all these are independent variables, the dependant variable will be, Perceived usage of ICT by instructors to better Teach scientifi c discipline All points in collected information from the questionnaire will be subjected to a factor analysis spontaneously. A varimax rotary motion will be used to pull out factors. Likert type grading will besides be applied across all points. Stepwise arrested development techniques will be employed to explicate discrepancy the factors that are impacting the use of ICT scientific discipline instruction tools. Descriptive and illative statistics will besides be employed.Phase 3: To plan and prove an e-teaching intercession tool for helping instructors to learn scientific discipline betterOn the completion of the first two stages, the factors will be known. An appropriate intercession e-teaching tool will be designed and experimented with the purpose of measuring the effectivity it has on the instruction of scientific discipline in secondary schools. The experiment will affect five instructors from class 10 to 12 who will be selected from rural and urban schools in KwaZulu natal state of South Africa.

Ict in Language Teaching

ICT IN LANGUAGE TEACHING Introduction: English is the dominant language of the Internet. A large proportion of the educational software produced in the world market is in English. For developing countries in the Asia-Pacific where English language proficiency is not high, this represents a serious barrier to maximizing the educational benefits of the World Wide Web. Icts In Language Teaching: Technology is in-built in language teaching. The latest technology available to the language teacher is the computer. Many examples of the use of ICTs can be introduced in language teaching. Here a few, ?Word processing Composing documents and presentations ?Information and communication ?Speech Recoginition And Synthesis ?Multimedia and languages ?E-learning ?Chatting ?Skype or Voip Service ?Online Teaching ?Web –Based Learning Word processing: The most common application of ICT in languages is word processing, to create, for example, letters and other documents. Ability to use a word pr ocessor is necessary in today’s society. Computer provides a better alternative for people using typewriters. There are clear advantages of using a word processor compared to the usual method of writing on paper or typing with a typewriter.Student should appreciate the use of a word processor and be encouraged to use it for most writing tasks. Teachers can create cloze reading tests like i. Texts with missing words ii. Words missing punctuation iii. Plural or tense endings iv. Arranging a story in chronological order v. Completing a story or vi. An outline for students to complete. Composing documents and presentations: Students can be taught to compose documents and make presentations. They can use texts and graphics in their presentations. They should know to convert data into appropriate graphics presentations.They should be able to produce simple web pages with text and graphics. Information and communication: In an information society, Students can get information quickl y from appropriate sources and they can exchage an information and collaborate speedily with others throughout the world. With the increasing use of the Internet, it is necessary that students have a clear but critical understanding of the possibilities of the World Wide Web. Students should know the various sources of information available to them and how to access these.There is considerable amount of information on the internet about writers and books; databases, reviews, opinions, and so on. This ready access will change the nature of language teaching because this information is so easy to access. Speech Recoginition And Synthesis: Students should be given the right software, so that they can compare their own pronunciations with those of a synthesized model, both orally and visually. Language laboratories are very useful in learning a foreign language. Multimedia and languages: Students can create their own multimedia software, to help in their learning of a foreign language.T hus Students can the language in a playful way. E-learning: E-learning is defined as an interactive learning in which the learning content is available online and provides automatic feedback to the students learning activities. Online communication with real people may or may not be included, but the focus of e-learning is usually more on the learning content than on communication between learners and tutors. E-learning could be viewed as an Online descendant of computer– based training(CBT) and computer– aided instruction (CAI). Goals and benefits of e-learning: . Improved performance: Higher education in Online learning is generally better than in face-to-face courses. 2. Increased access: Students can share their knowledge across borders, allowing students to across physical, political and economic boundaries. 3. Convenience and flexibility to learners: Learners are not bound to a specific day or time to physically attend classes. They can also pause learning sessio ns at their convenience. The high technology is not necessary for all Online courses. Basic internet access, audio and video capabilities are common requriments.Depending on the technology used, Students can begin their courses while at work and finish them at home on a different computer. 4. To develop the literacy skills and competencies needed in this present century: E-learning enables learners to develop the literacy skills knowledged- based workers by embedding the use of ICT’s within the curriculum. Chatting: Chatting is another great tool for Online Teaching, especially for a small virtual conference with one or a few students for a seminar. The audio and video components of some of the chat programs offer even more advantages.Students can use one of the free chat programs such as Yahoo messenger or MSN but they are often part of an Educational Delivery Application. Skype or Voip Service: The Online telephone services are great for teaching online language classes. A lot of online teachers use services like Skype but students often use their mobile phone so they can take a call anywhere. Online Teaching: Online teaching refers to the process of tutoring within an online virtual environment or networked environment where teachers and learners are separated by time and space.There are many terms for online education. Some of them are: 1. virtual education. 2. Internet- based education. 3. Web- based education. 4. Computer- mediated communication (CMC) Tutor is an academic, lecturer or professor who has responsibility for teaching in a degree or diploma programme in a university or vocational teaching and learning setting. In this instance the teacher requires excellent online communication skills to guide students who may study totally online without face- to- face contact with the tutor.It also focuses on achieving goals of independent learning, learner autonomy, self- reflection, knowledge construction, group based learning and discussion. It in volves five stages. They are, 1. Access and motivation 2. Online socialization 3. Information exchange 4. Knowledge construction 5. Development. Web –Based Learning: Web –Based Learning is associated with learning materials delivered in a Web browser, including the materials packaged on CD- ROM. Online learning is associated with content readily accessible on a computer.The content may be on the Web or the internet, or simply installed on a CD- ROM or the computer hard disk. Web –Based Learning entails content in a Web browser and actual learning materials delivered in a Web format. In this, Web –Based Learning is analogous to textbooks, where the content determines whether a book is a novel, a report, or a textbook. Simply offering computer -based training (CBT) for download from a Website is not Web –Based Learning since there is no learning content in Web format. Web browsing the learning content is the key feature of Web –Based Learning. Web –Based Learning content is typically retrieved from a Website. For instance, some Web –Based Learning offerings operate from CD- ROM and many are offered on dual format: Website and CD- ROM. The CD- ROM solution is typically associated with situations where network access may not be available or practical, like in schools lacking internet access or in the midst of a military conflict. Benefits of Web –Based Learning: 1. Access is available anytime, anywhere, around the globe: Students access information whether they are working from home or from office. . Per-Student equipment costs are affordable: Almost any computer today equipped with a modem and free browser software can access the internet or a private intranet. The cost of set up is relatively low. 3. Student tracking is made easy: WBT enables the data to be automatically tracked on the server- computer. Thus students can easily implement the powerful Student tracking systems. 4. Content is easily upda ted: WBT is a simple matter of copying the updated files from a local developers computer onto the server- computer.The real disadvantage of WBT, is the lack of human contact, which greatly impacts learning. WBT is better than the CD- ROM learning in this regard. Students can use their Web connection to e-mail other students,post comments on message boards, or use chat rooms and videoconference links to communicate live. With higher speed connections and improved conferencing software, one day Students around the world will be able to communicate in real time with each other through full- screen video. Using Web- based training, like all other delivery media, has advantages and disadvantages.One of the greatest challenges in ICT use in education is balancing educational goals with economic realities. ICTs in education programs require large capital investments and developing countries need to be prudent in making decisions about what models if ICT use will be introduced and to be co nscious of maintaining economies of scale. CONCLUSION: Thus ICTs are a powerful and useful teaching tool in the hands of a resourceful teacher. ICTs help a learner in learning any aspect of language such as vocabulary, grammar, punctuation, composition, etc. It motivates learner to learn foreign language and literature.

Genetic Information Essay

The goal of this essay is to determine whether the information presented within it could be considered a violation or a non-violation of the GINA of 2008. A case study has been determined to be a method to learn about a complex instance. This information is based on understanding the detailed instance and analyzing the context as a whole. I will be briefly discussing this case study. The GINA legislation had unanimous support when it was signed into law by President Bush. This case study is broken down into many different stories that focus on GINA. The Act was voted into Congress in 2008 (Hudson, Holohan, & Collins, 2014). Case studies also describes an analyses of persons, events, decisions, periods, projects, policies, institutions, or other systems that are studied. GINA is being described as promoting genetic research and preventive screening, safeguard medical privacy, and prevent unfair treatment of individuals based on traits that are linked to diseases (Hudson, Holohan, Coll ins, 2014). There was talk about the threat that arises from the Supreme Court’s federalism revolution of 1995-2001. Chief Justice Rehnquist took greater strides in placing a limit on the power of Congress. These rules affected the Tenth, Eleventh, and Fourteenth Amendments along with the Commerce Clause that would balance the power of the state and federal (Tobin, 2008). It is stated in the fact sheet that â€Å"GINA expands the genetic information protections included in the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA). HIPAA prevents a plan or issuer from imposing a preexisting condition exclusion provision based solely on genetic information, and prohibits discrimination in individual eligibility, benefits, or premiums based on any health factor (including genetic information)† (United States Department of Labor, 2009). Surveys was taken from 50 states that relied on the Bureau of Labor Statistics. These surveys showed disparities in private sector leave and  gender differences. Arguments are made over the distinction based on the level of scrutiny (Tobin, 2008). GINA was first introduced in 1995 in response to concerns about the misuse of information regarding genetic predispositions to various diseases. The bill sought to help those that was applying for insurance to keep them from being denied. According to GINA the analysis went wrong in some aspect of employment. The Supreme Court’s Section 5 jurisprudence insofar as they provide remedies for state employees (Tobin, 2008). It is also unlawful for a covered entity to disclose genetic information about applicants, employees or members. Covered entities must keep genetic information confidential and in a separate medical file (Tobin, 2008). There are limited exceptions to this non-disclosure rule, such as exceptions that provide for the disclosure of relevant genetic information to government officials investigating compliance with Title II of GINA and for disclosures made pursuant to a court order (Tobin, 2008). When it comes down to any type of employment the law forbids discrimination on the basis of genetic information which include hiring, firing, pay, job assignments, promotions, layoffs, training, fringe benefits, or any other type of employment. An employer should never use genetic information to make an employment decision because genetic information is not relevant to an individual’s ability to work at any time (Tobin, 2008). A goal of the policy is to protect equality and privacy of an employer that lose their jobs as a result to genetic testing. According to Kimel and Garrett evidence that Congress collected is of no concern because it’s only in the private sector and not by state. Some states argued that being flexible to GINA is not consistent with the Court’s (Tobin, 2008). Instances in these cases shows the analysis of the areas that are considered too went wrong with GINA. For instance, courts need to apply heightened constitutional scrutiny to genetic discrimination. This will keep states from arguing against them and win stating its insufficient data. Another examples is there is a strong case for abrogating sovereign immunity in those cases where employers rely on the information that is took from genetic testing that has been linked to racial or ethnic backgrounds. The last reason is the provisions that uphold GINA’S privacy in 5 legislations has an uncertainty about it not being strong enough to work against state  employment. The Voting Rights Act Reauthorization Act was created in 2006 to place jurisdictions on the voting history of racial discrimination. The research from this act allowed congress to take action towards making decisions on these issues. Approval would have to come from the attorney General or a federal court. This pro vision help minority voters the ability to vote and make their voice heard through the election process (Tobin, 2008). Another concern was about racial profiling policies and procedures that needed to be changed to prohibit police from unjustly stereotyping individuals (Tobin, 2008). This bill called End Racial Profiling Act was entered into the legislations by Rep. John Conyers and Sen. Russ Feingold in 2001. The courts shouldn’t have invalidated the civil rights as it did because it didn’t put enough force on change for minorities. It has hesitantly enforced the rights of persecuted minorities and in many ways it has changed the face of the United States law and politics. I determined that GINA has been cited as a strong step forward, but I believe that the legislation does not go far enough in enabling personal control over genetic testing results. In conclusion, these cases have changed the livelihood of many people but more need to be done for better congressional. Some Courts have supported equal right while other decisions have hindered them. References Tobin, H. (2008). The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008: A Case Study of the Need For Better Congressional Responses to Federalism Jurisprudence. Retrieved from Ashford University. Hudson, K., Holohan, M. K., & Collins, F. (2014). Keeping Pace with the Times – The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008. Retrieved from http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp0803964 United States Department of Labor (2009). Fact Sheet. Retrieved from http://www.dol.gov/ebsa/newsroom/fsGINA.html

A Study Of Thailands Sex Tourism

A Study Of Thailand's Sex Tourism 4Sex Tourism in ThailandAs we enter a new millenium the post-colonial nations in the world are still searching for ways to compete in an increasingly globalized, consumption driven economic environment. Many developing countries have speculated that Tourism is an effective catalyst for development as well as increased international understanding. Thailand, who has embraced tourism as the key to its modernization strategy, has been hailed by many as a paradigm for success. Over the past twenty years Thailand has enjoyed one of the fastest economic growth rates of any developing country. This rapid progress has allowed Thailand to emerge as an economic leader in the Third world. The $4 billion a year in tourism revenue is the core support of the Thai economy (Bishop, p. VI). Thai officials have attributed the success of the tourism industry to the many attractions located in various parts of the country as well as the uniqueness of the Thai people their friendliness and hospitality (B ishop, p. 67). However the Thai government has failed to recognize the contributions of sex tourism which is estimated to generate about $1.5 billion every year, according to Professor Krikiat Phiapatserithan of Thammasat University (World congress, regional profiles, p. 3). Thailands failure to recognize the sex tourism is reflective of the discourse used by the worldwide tourism industry to analyze the industry s success. From the standpoint of the tourism industry the success of tourism is directly related only to economic factors, anything else is seen as unnecessary. It is in the best interest of tourism corporations and the countries that are dependent on tourism to discourage the circulation of information regarding any of the potential negative effects related to tourism. The censorship of information by these entities has caused much of the general public to be ignorant of the adverse consequences of the mass tourist industry in Thailand. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the sex tourism, using Thailand as the basis of my investigation. I will begin by shedding light on the complex social and economic factors that has formed the modern sex industry of Thailand. Then I will link the damaging effects to the Thailand s cultural va lues and quality of life to the emergence of child sex tourism, which in recent years has immerged as a significant contributor of tourist revenue. Subsequently I will give examples of how deliberate manipulations of information by the Thai government and the tourism industry is responsible for the spread of inaccurate images relating to sex tourism. Then I will attempt to link the manipulation of information to tourist s behaviors and attitudes as well as Thai government policy. In conclusion I will give the future outlook for sex tourism in Thailand.Historical, Social and Economic Roots:Vietnam is believed by many to be the beginning of the creation of a large-scale sex industry in Thailand. During the Vietnam War Thailand was a popular destination for rest and relaxation for American servicemen. To meet the demands of American soldiers, who were eager to pay for a temporary sexual partner, new brothels and go-go bars sprang up almost overnight. Following the war the Thai government took an active stance in promoting the growth of the tourist industry in the hope that it would contribute to the modernization process. The half-a-million prostitutes left over from the war were seen as a commodity that could be actively exploited in exchange for the influx of much needed foreign currency. Sex tours from Japan brought many free spending Japanese that significantly aided to the rapid growth of tourism. Tourist arrivals jumped from one million in 1973 to five million in 1990. During this time the Thai government made no attempts to curb the growth of prostitution. In fact they adopted measures that encouraged its growth. Deputy Prime Minister Boonchoo Rojanasathian urged the national conference of provincial governors to encourage certain entertainment , which might be viewed as disgusting and embarrassing because they are related to sexual pleasures (Jubilee, p. 3). The result of this speech was the relaxation of regulations regarding the operation of bars . Eventually the growth of Thailand s tourist industry succeeded in creating rapid economic growth, and modernization. However, Thailand has become so dependent on the tourist industry that a significant reduction of the number of tourist, for any reason, would likely result in the collapse of the entire Thai economy, which would result in widespread poverty. This is one reason why Thai officials have been reluctant to crack down on the sex industry, which is estimated to contribute a quarter of all of the revenues brought in by tourism. The rapid growth and modernization created by tourism has rapidly changed the economic and social structures of Thailand. These shifts have caused the Thai economy and Thai women to be enslaved to the sex trade.Thailand s total gross national income has nearly tripled in the past 50 years (World Congress, background, p. 2). However, despite this rapid growth the disparity of income between the rich and the poor has only widened (Jubilee, p. 4). This disparity has been caused by a drastic shift from an economy based on agriculture to the spread of a market economy. Lower crop prices and crop failures due to drought and floods resulted in widespread poverty among the rural people of Thailand. This has forced the mass migration of the rural population to the cities (Jubilee, p.2). The dire economic reality of these people has caused a disintegration of traditional Thai families. Until recently Thailand was a patriarchal society. One study showed that 73% of the families said they would like to have daughters, while only 27% expressed the desire to have sons (Jubilee, p. 3). Widespread poverty has lead families to consider children, especially females, as economic burdens. Children and women have dropped to the lowest strata of the socioeconomic scale, and have thus suffered the most (Jubilee, p. 4). The closing of options for many families have compelled parents to force their children to fend for themselves and in some circumstances it has led people to sell their children, especially daughters (World Congress, backgrounder, p. 1). The influx of western ideals is another factor that has contributed to the victimization of many women and children by the sex industry. The spread of consumerism by the mass media and through face to face interactions with western tourists has caused Thais to increasingly value money and consumer items. Materialism has led many to value possessions more then their sense of self worth. This materialistic greed has lead many poor families to sell their children in order to obtain material possessions. The market value of a ch ild is between 7,000 and 30,000 baht, depending on the physical attractiveness of the child (Jubilee, p.2). To families living in constant poverty and who only earn 5,000 baht a year 30,000 baht is very enticing. The emergence of the Child Sex Market:The market for children prostitutes has been created by a number of factors. During the 1970 s pedophiles from Western countries were attracted to Thailand because of its lenient laws against prostitution and the high currency exchange rate (Jubilee, p. 3). The supply of customers caused pimps to acquire children through sale and through kidnapping to meet their demand. Widespread rural poverty and the low socioeconomic status of children caused the influx of a large supply of rural children that could be acquired relatively cheep. To prevent the interference of the government Thai officials were bribed or in some cases offered a portion of the profits of the trade. When the AIDS epidemic severely hit the sex industry during the 1980 s many sex tourist began to engage in child sex tourism because children were seen as a safe alternative to adults. Child prostitutes were seen as being less risky due to their young age. Contrary to this notion sex with child prostitutes actually increases the likelihood of the transmission of AIDS due to the immature bodies of children (Jubilee, p. 4). In the past decade the media, most specifically the travel industry, has developed a taste for women with girly qualities. The result of this trend is a st eadily increasing demand for underage prostitutes as well as the continual decline in the desired age for child prostitutes. Due to these unfortunate circumstances the child sex trade has steadily grown and it is estimated that every year one million children are enter the sex trade (World Congress, overview, p. 2). The Manipulation of the Spread of Information by the Government:Despite the immeasurable damage that the sex trade has caused the people of Thailand the government has refused to take an active role in controlling it. In the name of prosperity the Thai government has reduced its focus on matters relating to tourism to exclude everything that is not strictly an economic function (Bishop, p. 66). In essence the Thai government feels justified in sacrificing an entire generation of women and children for economic development. THAI International, a government funded agency, addressed the problems associated with the AIDS epidemic and the sex trade, not as a threat to the nation or its people, but as a threat to the tourism industry (Bishop, p. 68). It seems that greed for money, and power has led to widespread government corruption that has led to a sickening disintegration of morals. The Thai government has swept sex tourism under the carpet with a public relations campaign designed at salvaging tourism s identity (bishop, p. 70). Thai social critic Siriporn Skrobanek claims that The ruling class values the bodies of poor women as a means to attract tourists to earn foreign exchange. This strategy made Thailand a country where all people who go there, like it and long to return. It is beautiful and there is something for everybody (Bishop, p. 75). In the past decade the Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) and THAI International has led an effort at attracting affluent white male tourists. One add, issued by a company called incentive Asia Destination Services, promises to turn fantasy into reality and reality into fantasy for deserving high achievers . A brochure titled Thai Values: Travel to the Land of Smiles, says Thai values make Thailand the ultimate incentive; So much for so little; Beauty and the beach; Antiques, Thai arts and crafts all at bargain prices; Living values; The most affordable luxury in Asia; and All the pageantry of Thailand at your command. This advertisement is promoting a form of neo colonialism. Goods in the form of pleasure are exploited by rich ex-imperialistic powers at the expense of a poor undeveloped country (Bishop, p. 70). The Thai government refuses to blatantly acknowledge sex tourism. For if they did it would not be acceptable to openly promote the industry. Instead they promote Thailand as a place with sensuous, beautiful, young women who are eager to serve you to the fullest. The Manipulation of the Spread of Information by the Tourism Industry:There are actual sex tours that you can procure for a modest some of money. The promotional advertising can be found in glossy brochures, and through tour information on the Internet. I was able to find two Asian sex tour agencies on the Internet. It is shocking to see how these ads have contributed to creating and supporting stereotypes about the tourist indust ry of Thailand. The first ad that I analyzed is from an agency called Thailand Teenage Girls Bangkok. It reads Have you ever wished you could go on a n exotic vacation and be surrounded by little teenage girls who just want you for sex!! Well if you go a sex vacation you can have sex with lovely little teenage girls like these all day and night a different one each time if you like! Why not take a week vacation to an exotic destination and fuck your brains out. Everything is arranged for you including a guide who can arrange girls for you! See details inside!!! Who knows you may even want to bring one home with you and this can also be arranged! On the front page it shows ten young, dark, nude Thai women. The women on the cover are consciously designed so that the reader believes that all of Thai women are friendly, beautiful, and primitive. The add promotes the hedonistic idea that the women in Thailand who are prostitutes just want you for sex. It fails to mention that many of the women are victim s of poverty, and in some cases kidnapping. The most shocking aspect of this add is the deliberate promotion of prostitution with teenage girls. It is not difficult for one to twist the message of the add so that it says come have sex with little girls and boys. It is illegal for companies to sell sex with a minor. However, despite these regulations it still occurs. Danny Smith, an undercover news reporter for a British television channel, secretly recorded with a hidden camera what a tour operator told him I can confirm that we can get you kids about ten or eleven. No problem at all? If you want the kids younger, just give me an age. Give me a number. Although child sex tourism is not seen in the general public it certainly exists. There have been cases of children as young as four who have been sold into prostitution (Smith, p. 1). The second add is from Ultimate Asia Sex Tour Travel in Video, which is based out of Honolulu, Hawaii. The first paragraph says: If you ever dreamed of going to Thailand and screwing every night with the most beautiful young sexy girls with thousands of the most luscious sexy girls just waiting to satisfy your wildest sexual fantasies now is the time to go with the Thailand Baht at an all time low!!! It promotes the myth that Thai women are all erotic and beautiful and only wish to please you. Also this add promotes the economic inequalities that allows westerners to exploit Thailand. In the first paragraph of the tour update it says: Have you ever fantasized about secretly escaping to a exotic location surrounded by hundreds of young beautiful sexy half-naked girls without a care if anybody see you or talk about you? This paragraph advocates a ritual inversion of behavior. That is, because you are in a different land surround by people you don t know it is all right to act in ways that you might consider unacceptable behavior in your home society. Also the ad promotes neocolonialism because it supports the idea that the women of this land are primitive and inferior which justifies exploiting them for sex. Conclusion and the Future of Sex Tourism in Thailand:In conclusion, sex tourism, although important to the Thai economy, has many serious consequences that have to a large extent been painted over by the media. Due to Thailand s dependence on the tourism industry it would be impossible to completely abolish the trade at once. A more equitable distribution of resources among the people of Thailand is necessary for Thailand to be able to end the sex trade. It is important for the world, as well as the people of Thailand, to be informed about the true consequences of sex tourism. This would dispel many of the myths and stereo types that have perpetuated ethnocentric ritual inversions of behavior by western tourist seeking a hedonistic experience. The people of Thailand must be informed of the drastic cost associated with sex tourism. This could potentially cause enough public uproar to prompt changes in the government s stance on sex tourism. Sex Tourism s place in the future in Thailand and the rest of the world is still very uncertain. It will be interesting to see how the nature of the industry changes in the future.