Revision Urgent: Immigration And Asylum Law

A somebody who escapes tyrannical or perilous mass is termed as a refugee . Some of the reasons for the creation of refugees are gracious disturbances , environmental disasters or war . Around three ascorbic social disease thousand throng obtain this status per month and take a leak of women and children in the main . The coupled Nations requires its member states to nurture much(prenominal)(prenominal) people (What are refugees , 2005On the 14th of December , 1950 , the contribution of the join Nations high school Commissi unity(a)r for Refugees of UNHCR was arrangeed by the join Nations frequent company . Its principal prey is to afford certificate to refugees and find a viable stem to their problems . Fundamentally the UNHCR makes strenuous efforts to enable the persecuted of the manhood to obtain idiotic initiation and safe refuge in some otherwise State , with the option to renovation home voluntarily , compound locally or to resettle in a tether nation (Basic Facts term 1A (2 ) of the Refugee convocation states that refugees are watchive(prenominal)s who move on their farming on account of legitimate risk of persecution repayable to their policy-making opinions , countryality , flow or religion and who are non in a position to obtain the tax shelter of their country ( conference relating to the condition of Refugees . select on 28 July 1951 by the coupled Nations assemblage of Plenipotentiaries on the Status of Refugees and Stateless(prenominal) Persons convened infra General convention settlement 429 (V ) of 14 December 1950The process States of the European compass north exhibited quite some differences in the interpretation of this commentary of refugees . It became mandatory to establish the same guidelines within the Union , in to implement a common creation establishment in the EU . ! hence , the European Commission made a proposal in the year 2001 to the European Council whereby the requirements for deeming a person to be a refugee were clearly described and this was in unity with the UNHCR Refugee assembly of 1951 , Article 1 of the Geneva assemblage on the Status of Refugees , discussions of the EC with its process States and specialized institutions dealing with refugees resembling the European Council on Refugees and Exiles or ECRE and the UNHCR (The European Union clarifies what it capacity by refugee and auxiliary vindicationThis proposal comprised of several(prenominal) goals , some of them were to ensue the creation of grassroots protective covering , in all the Member States , for persons who demand foreign security measure . Initially , the concentration was to be on cut down the differences extant in the mandate and procedures of the discordant Member States . after(prenominal) this the aim was to restrict incidental measures remo veed by persons who were victorious advantage of the variance in the laws relating to the recognition of refugees in the Member States in to obtain subordinate protection status . til now it was a major target of this proposal to assure fitting protection for those whose needs in this regard were true . furthermore , the proposal aimed to ensure that no person could take baseless advantage of the process of obtaining refuge (The European Union clarifies what it federal agency by refugee and subsidiary protectionConsequently , in April 2004 Directive 2004 /83 /EC was leaveed and this directive prescribes the requirements for according refugee status to stateless persons or people who do non belong to Member States of the EU . In addition , this directive describes the nature and extent of the protection to be granted to all much(prenominal)(prenominal) eligible persons (The European Union clarifies what it means by refugee and subsidiary protectionThe immigration r ules in the get together kingdom permit the grant o! f institution to a refugee , save if it is possible for that person to establish that they face genuine persecution due to their ethnicity , nationality religion or due to the policy-making opinions that they endorse to if they return to their country of origin . These rules are in conformity with the unify Nations convention relating to the status of refugees and Article 3 of the ECHR or European rule on human Rights . The result of these rules is that in that respect is an exclusion of most of the refugees who shake up been permitted to reside in the UK at a lower maneuver exceptional leave ( innovation political , 2005In the year 1999 seven-spotsomety superstar thousand persons sought political initiation in the linked state and most of these persons were Kosovar refugees from the national body politic of Yugoslavia . A a few(prenominal) of these applicants were from Somalia , Sri Lanka , Afghanistan , Turkey , Iraq , Albania and chinaware . These amounts increased to a footling over a ascorbic acid thousand by January 2000 indicating a massive increase in the influx of refugees to the join acres (asylum , political , 2005The data purchasable with the position station has revealed that cardinal six percent of those trust refuge in 1999 were genuine and that an additional eleven percent had been granted asylum on compassionate grounds . until now , statistics from other sources have revealed that less than ten percent of persons whose applications programme for refuge had been refused had been deported and that the remainder go on to stay as illegal immigrants (asylum , political , 2005On the 1st of April , 2000 the get together state enacted legislation , which expeditiously dealt with straightforward subject areas by adopting unfaltering baseball swing processing of their applications , substituted a food voucher musical collection for the extant welfare benefits and made provisions for the forced individuali sed line of credit of accommodation nigh the UK . Th! ese initiatives were successful in reducing the subdue of pending applications to societyty thousand by whitethorn 2000 . However , the unite Kingdom had to incur an exorbitant usance of nine hundred jillion pounds sterling , in to support asylum seekers during the financial year 1999 to 2000 (asylum , political , 2005The UNHCR , which was established in 1951 , has bidd substitute to approximately thirty one thousand one million million refugees . The flesh of persons whose status has been of ominous concern to the UNHCR has increased from seventeen to twenty seven million between 1991 and 1995 . These numbers stood at twenty two million at the end of the year 1999 and comprises of eleven million refugees and atomic number 23 million persons who had been displaced within their own countries (asylum , political , 2005The United Kingdom received three hundred and ninety thousand applications seeking asylum in the year 2000 . Out of these ninety seven thousand , seve n hundred were granted the status of refugees or provided with exceptional leave to remain in the UK . This amounted to thirty one percent of applicants belonged to countries where human rights were beingness infringed with impunity . Many of these refugees hailed from Iraq , Iran , Sri Lanka , Somalia , the Federal country of Yugoslavia and Afghanistan . The number of refugees accepted by the UK was less than the number permitted in Belgium and the Netherlands as a ratio to the community , these observations were made by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (Immigration and expatriation , 2005In to compensate for the ageing commonwealth of the EU , it has to allow an influx of nearly 1 .4 million immigrants per year . The UK blank space business leader had undertaken reforms to its work permit dodge so as to allow foreign nationals to apply for much(prenominal) work permits in to fill in job vacancies . The objective of these untested reform proposals is to encourage legitimate immigration and thereby discoura! ge illegal immigration . In October 2001 the Home Office had announced that the present scheme of issuing food vouchers to asylum applicants would be restructured by implementing a combined cash and identity element card system (Immigration and emigration , 2005The Ministerial Meeting on the Refugee Convention held in Geneva provided an opportunity for the participating nations to adopt new policies to strengthen international refugee protection . Although , more than 50 dollar bill years had elapsed , since the adoption of new policies in the Refugee Convention , yet nations were lagging behind in addressing the fundamental act for refugee exodus . The cause for this situation was trespass of human rights , oddly during internal conflicts in the nations . Many countries were helplessness in their trading to respect the right to seek asylum from oppression . They were ignoring the non - refoulement commandment , which held that refugees should not be deported to a place of conflict where the jeopardize of serious breaches of human rights were prevalent (Refugee Convention -- a Convention for the twenty-first hundred 2001It is indeed no-count to note that several countries had failed to initiate appropriate action against such infringement , as necessitated by the treaty obligations . According to remission global subsequent to the folk 11 attacks on the gentlemans gentleman Trade affection national governments should be required to restate their commitment to the Refugee Convention (Refugee Convention -- a Convention for the twenty-first century . 2001By instituting soused protective covering measures , subsequent to the September 11 attacks , many countries handle the human rights of refugees and asylum applicants . These measures targeted non - citizens of the nations . specifically , countries with powerful economies have hard-boiled refugees and illegal immigrants alike and use several measures to isolate refugees . Instances have be en report where nations have unnecessarily indulged i! n imposing tighter security measures . One instance of this was reported in July 2001 to the Amnesty planetary wherein the immigration authorities of the United Kingdom stationed at Prague drome detained travellers from the Roma ethnic minority questioned them , did not permit them to pass the UK and prevented them from boarding f alights (Refugee Convention -- a Convention for the 21st century . 2001It has become essential to implement measures that provide adequate protection in situations involving mass flight of the humankind of a nation . Moreover , the UN refugee institution has to be provided with fit funds to enthrall out its work .

The Amnesty International has demanded of the nations that had participated in the impact in Geneva to resolve issues involving refugee protection in conformity with the spirit of the Refugee Convention (Refugee Convention -- a Convention for the 21st century . 2001In R v . special(prenominal) Adjudicator , Ullah a Pakistani national claimed asylum in the UK , as he feared persecution on account of his religious beliefs the UK authorities did not accept his quest under the Refugee Convention . The syndicate of Lords held that in the absence of a flagrant denial or primitive abuse of an individual s rights , there could be no via media on bind immigration controls in the larger commonplace interest (R v Special Adjudicator , ex parte Ullah , 2004Several instances exist , wherein the United Kingdom and its agents were done for(predicate) in providing adequate protection to refugees , who had been deployed in special camps . In Kenya , a ninetee n year out of date girl s moderateness was outraged! in the vicinity of the offices of the refugee camp authorities and as well , two Rwandan children were killed and their mother was stabbed in a secure sign . Moreover , a number of incidents involving the gross intrusions of the right to action , the right not to be subjected to cruel , inhuman or degrading treatment and violation of the non refoulement principle were reported in these centres (New Approaches to the Asylum touch on . Human Rights take hold of Submission to the family unit of Lords , Select mission on the European Union , Sub-Committee F (Social personal matters , raising and Home Affairs 2003As such the responsibility of protecting refugees is vested with the United Kingdom and the latter has to ensure that such violations do not occur in the refugee centres . In case of failure to protect refugees in the camps , the U .N . General crowd can croak the UNHCR to provide sufficient protection to the refugees and divine service the UK governance to find permanent solutions for the problem of refugees (New Approaches to the Asylum Process . Human Rights Watch Submission to the House of Lords Select Committee on the European Union , Sub-Committee F (Social Affairs Education and Home Affairs , 2003The Chief Executive of the Refugee Council , Nick Hardwick , opined that the insurance being implemented by the UK Government was insufficient , and that it was endangering the lives of a number of asylum seekers . He further stated that the UK s show up of granting asylum status to Sri Lankan Tamils was dismal . France had granted asylum to or so seventy three percent of the applicants and Canada had allowed eighty percent in comparison to the woefully meagre two percent by the UK Government Many felt that such rejection would pose large(p) danger for these immigrants , who could expect torture and incarceration in dehumanise prisons in Sri Lanka (New Refugee Council report warns UK not to stupefy refugees lives at adventure , 2002F rom the in a higher place it becomes very clear that! the UK has not been very congenial towards immigrants . In particular , after the attacks made by terrorists owe homage to Osama bin laden , there has been a wavering to admit foreign nationals into the country . Several instances have come to light , wherein the UK Government had failed to take into consideration the principle of residuum , succession assessing the status of asylum seekers . There is a label waver to permit persons hailing from Asia , the Middle East and Africa into the United Kingdom . This is in gross violation of the Refugee Convention of 1951 .Bibliographyasylum , political (2005 . In The Hutchinson full-length Encyclopedia including book of mapsBasic Facts (n .d . Retrieved whitethorn 22 , 2007 , from UNHCR http / web .unhcr .org /basics .htmlConvention relating to the Status of Refugees . Adopted on 28 July 1951 by the United Nations Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Status of Refugees and Stateless Persons convened under General Assembly reso lution 429 (V ) of 14 December 1950 (n .d . Retrieved May 22 , 2007 from Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights http / vane .unhchr .ch /html /menu3 /b /o_c_ref .htmImmigration and emigration (2005 . Retrieved May 22 , 2007 , from In The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia including Atlas http / vane .xreferplus .com / compliance /6435900immigration and emigrationNew Approaches to the Asylum Process . Human Rights Watch Submission to the House of Lords , Select Committee on the European Union Sub-Committee F (Social Affairs , Education and Home Affairs (2003 September . Retrieved May 22 , 2007 , from http /hrw .org /backgrounder /eca /asylum-process .htmNew Refugee Council report warns UK not to put refugees lives at risk (2002 , February 11 . Retrieved May 22 , 2007 , from Refugee Council Online http /network .refugeecouncil .org .uk /news /press /2002 /february /newr .h tmR v Special Adjudicator , ex parte Ullah , UKHL 26 (2004Refugee Convention -- a Convention for the 2 1st century . 2001 . M2 Presswire . M2 converse the! ory , LtdThe European Union clarifies what it means by refugee and subsidiary protection (n .d . Retrieved May 22 , 2007 , from European Commission legal expert and Home Affairs . Refugee subsidiary protection http /ec .europa .eu /justice_home /fsj /asylum /subsidiary /fsj_asylum_subsid iary_en .htmWhat are refugees (2005 . The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia including AtlasRefugee Convention and the United Kingdom PAGE \ MERGEFORMAT 8 ...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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